Notes:
A mentally unstable individual murders a young woman. Before the murder, he confided his intention to kill the woman to his therapist. The police were notified of this danger, but no attempt was made to inform the victim or those close to her. The therapists also chose not to confine the murderer, despite his plan to kill.

Notes:
Plaintiff—a two-and-a-half year old boy—nearly drowned in a pool and suffers severe brain damage. The defendant—his mother—had left him by the pool unattended for 5 to 10 minutes in order to answer a phone call.

Notes:
A doctor screens the plaintiff for hepatitis C, and erroneously tells her that the results were negative. While unaware of her infection, plaintiff marries and unknowingly transmits the virus to her husband. At no time was the doctor ever aware of the plaintiff’s (eventual) husband. Plaintiff argued that had she been informed of her disease, she and her husband could have taken steps to prevent its transmission.

Notes:
Plaintiff brought suit against a locksmith for failing to properly install the outside door lock of her financee’s apartment building. She was raped in the building by an intruder, who may have entered through the defectively-locked front door.

Notes:
A robber entered the bank, put a gun to the head of plaintiff’s husband, and demanded the teller “give him money or open the door”. Instead of complying with either choice, the teller ducked to the ground. The robber then shot and killed the husband.